'FRKELEY  LIBRARIES 


H  V 

5089 

S22 

1909 

MAIN 


SEP    5  1912 
GIF? 


/-/Y 


Contents 


Introduction.     Andrea  Sbarboro 3 

Consular  Letters: 

Rome,  Italy.     Lloyd  C.  Griscom,  Ambassador 7 

Naples,  Italy.     C.  S.  Crowninshield,  Consul .  9 

Genoa,  Italy.     Jas.  A.  Smith,  Consul-General 11 

Palermo,  Italy.     William  Henry  Bishop,  Consul 13 

Venice,  Italy.     Edward  de  Zuccato,  British  Consul 15 

Florence,  Italy.     Jerome  A.  Quay,  Consul 17 

Marseilles,  France.     Horace  Lee  Washington,  Consul-General.  .  .  19 

Kehl,  Germany.     Carl  W.  Smith,  Vice-Consul 21-23 

Vienna,  Austria.     W.  A.  Rublee,  Consul-General 25 

Madrid,  Spain.     R.  W.  Bartlemann,  Consul 25 

Seville,  Spain.     Louis  J.  Rosenberg,  Consul 27 

Tenerifle,  Canary  Islands.     Solomon  Berliner,  Consul 29 

Algiers,  Algeria.     James  Johnston,  Consul 31 

Other  Letters: 

Governor  J.  N.  Gillett 5 

Dr.  Martin  Regensburger 33 

Rev.  Dr.  C.  H.  Parkhurst - 37 

Rear-Admiral  Robley  D.  Evans 43 

Judge  W.  W.  Morrow 47 

Hon.  William  R.  Wheeler 49 

Opinions  of  Notable  Foreign  Physicians  on  Wine 35 

Opinions  of  Clergymen: 

Rev.  Dr.  Lyman  Abbott 39 

Bishop  Moreland 39 

Henry  Ward  Beecher 39 

Cardinal  Gibbons \  .  41 

Rev.  Dr.  Cyrus  Townsend  Brady 41 

Opinions  of  Army  Officers: 

Major-General  J.  Franklin  Bell 45 

Major-General  Frederick  C.  Grant 45 

Major-General  A.  W.  Greely 45 

Opinions  of  Other  Eminent  Men: 

Prof.  Hugo  Munsterberg 48 

Prof.  G.  Grazzi-Soncini 48 

Arthur  Brisbane 48 

Superiority  of  American  Wines 51-53 

Concurrent  Resolution  by  State  Legislature  Encouraging  Viticultural 

Industry 55 

World's  Largest  Wine  Producers  in  1908 56 

Comparative  Statistics  of  the  Consumption  of  Wine  and  Spirits 56 


361994 


'LA  VINA  GRANDE,"  THE  LARGEST  GRAPE  VINE  IN  THE  WORLD,  GROWING  IN  CARPINTEKIA 
VALLEY,  ABOUT  10  MILES  SOUTH  OF  SANTA  BARBARA,  CALIFORNIA.     IT  WAS  PLANTED 
67  YEARS  AGO  FROM  A  CUTTING  OF  MISSION  GRAPES.  WHICH  WERE  FIRST  INTRO- 
DUCED INTO  CALIFORNIA,  AT  SAN   DIEGO.  IN    1769,  BY  THE    FRANCISCAN 
FATHERS,   HEADED    BY    FATHER    JUNIPERO    SERRA.     ITS    MASSIVE 
TRUNK  IS  9  FEET  7  INCHES  IN  CIRCUMFERENCE,  ITS  BRANCH  l.S 
COVER  A  SPACE  OF  10,000  SQUARE   FEET.  AND  IT  PRO- 
DUCED ONE  YEAR  ABOUT  12  TONS  OF  GRAPES. 


Introduction 


That  drunkenness  is  one  of  the  great  evils  with  which  the  United 
States  is  afflicted  cannot  be  denied. 

For  over  fifty  years  the  good  men  and  women  of  this  country  have 
sought  a  remedy  for  this  curse,  but  as  yet  none  has  been  found. 

To  remove  this  great  evil,  to  bring  to  the  American  people  the  blessings 
of  sobriety  and  happiness  which  prevail  in  the  wine-drinking  countries,  is 
the  object  of  this  book.  It  suggests  a  practical  remedy  that  has  stood  the 
test  in  Europe  and  can  be  applied  in  the  United  States. 

Last  year  I  published  a  book  entitled  "The  Fight  for  True  Temperance" 
which  was  so  favorably  received  and  in  such  demand  that  the  edition  is  now 
exhausted. 

During  the  past  year,  at  the  request  of  the  Grape  Growers  of  California, 
I  have  made  further  investigations  of  this  great  question  throughout  Europe 
and  I  am  now  pleased  to  lay  before  my  readers  incontrovertible  proofs  as 
to  the  efficacy  of  the  true  remedy  I  suggest,  by  which  the  evil  of  drunkenness 
may  be  removed  from  that  part  of  our  people  addicted  to  the  use  of  strong 
alcoholic  beverages. 

In  my  travels  through  the  great  grape-growing  and  wine-producing 
countries  of  Europe,  I  found  that  every  man,  woman  and  child  uses  wine 
at  meals  and  the  people  are  free  from  the  evil  of  drunkenness,  whilst  in  the 
non-wine  producing  countries  the  conditions  are  the  very  opposite. 

In  order  that  I  might  convince  the  American  people  of  these  facts,  I 
made  it  my  duty,  in  all  the  principal  cities  which  I  visited,  to  call  on  our 
representatives,  the  American  Ambassadors  and  Consuls,  and  from  them 
obtained  official  documents  which  I  now  offer  in  this  volume  to  the  American 
public.  Much  of  my  success  in  obtaining  these  important  letters  was  due 
to  the  kindly  introduction  supplied  me  by  Governor  James  N.  Gillett,  of 
California,  which  is  reproduced  on  the  next  page.  I  also  include  a  number 
of  striking  letters  and  opinions  from  noted  clergymen,  doctors,  judges,  editors, 
professors,  Army  and  Navy  officers,  United  States  officials  and  other  eminent 
men  of  our  own  country. 

To  further  prove  the  fact  that  sobriety  prevails  only  in  grape-producing 
countries  where  wine  is  within  the  reach  of  all  classes  of  people  and 
can  be  obtained  in  large  quantities,  of  good  quality  and  at  low  prices,  I  have 


only  to  point  to  England,  Scotland  and  Ireland,  where  drunkenness  exists 
to  an  alarming  extent  not  alone  among  the  men  but  also  the  women. 
In  these  countries  grapes  do  not  grow  and  as  wine  is  not  produced,  strong 
alcoholic  beverages  are  used  by  the  people. 

When  crossing  the  English  Channel  on  my  way  home,  I  could  not 
help  thinking  I  was  leaving  France,  Italy,  Spain,  Portugal,  Switzerland, 
Belgium,  Austria,  and  Germany,  containing  over  200,000,000  wine  drinkers, 
where  intemperance  is  practically  unknown,  and  I  was  going  to  the  English 
Nation  where,  with  a  population  of  about  40,000,000  people,  drunkenness 
is  so  common.  Two  days  after  my  arrival,  in  a  copy  of  the  London  Times, 
I  read  that  during  the  past  year  270,000  people  had  been  arrested  for  in- 
toxication in  the  streets  of  London,   120,000  of  whom  were  women! 

What  an  object  lesson  this  is  for  our  country! 

A  hundred  years  ago  one  of  the  greatest  men  of  America,  President 
Thomas  Jefferson,  who  had  been  minister  to  France  and  knew  the  salutary 
effect  of  wine,  remarked:  "No  nation  is  drunken  where  wine  is  cheap,  and  none 
sober  where  dearness  of  wine  substitutes  ardent  spirits  as  its  common  beverage. ' ' 

Now,  in  England,  grapes  will  grow  only  in  hot-houses.  Therefore,  wine 
can  never  be  within  the  reach  of  the  masses.  The  United  States,  on  the 
contrary,  although  it  is  not  generally  known,  is  the  land  of  the  vine.  Cali- 
fornia can  produce  wine  as  fine  as  that  of  any  country  in  Europe,  and  when 
the  occasion  will  demand,  in  as  large  quantities  as  France  and  Italy. 
Many  other  states  in  the  Union  also  produce  very  excellent  wines  and 
will  increase  their  production  when  the  existing  obstacles  to  its  free  distri- 
bution are  removed. 

The  American  people  should  carefully  read  these  letters  of  our  consuls 
in  the  great  grape-growing  countries  of  Europe.  They  are  unprejudiced 
testimonials  as  to  the  actual  conditions  that  exist.  They  prove  conclusively 
that  when  our  people  will  have  become  accustomed  to  the  general  use  of  wine 
at  table,  the  United  States  will  be  the  largest  grape-growing  and  wine-pro- 
ducing nationNof  the  world.  Then  drunkenness  will  be  reduced  to  a  mini- 
mum and  the  same  conditions  will  prevail  as  in  those  countries  where  wine  is 
universally  used  by  every  family  at  meals. 


^^fc^^t^^V^ 


GOVERNOR  J.  N.  GILLETT 


j>ytrtt*  vi  Qtlifavma 

EXECUTIVE  OFFICE 
SACRAMENTO 


September  18,  1908, 


TO  WHOM  IT  MAY  CONCERN :- 

The  bearer  of  this  loiter  Mr. 
A.  SBAF.BOSO,  is  one  of  the  most  prominent  citizens  of  Sun 
Francisco,  California,  and  has  for  the  last  ten  years  been 
president  of  the  Manufacturers  and  Producers  Association 
of  California9 

I  can  cheerfully  commend  Mr,  Sbarboro  to  any  person 
with  whom  he  may  come  in  contact,  and  any  favors  extended  to 
him  will  be  greatly  appreciated  by  me. 


Governor  of  Balifornia. 


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American   Embassy 
Rome 


hon.  lloyd  cgriscom  October   £1  ,    1906. 

(American  Ambassador  at  Rome.)  7 

Cav.  Andrea  Sbarbaro, 

Pres.  Manufacturers  6b  Producers  Association, 
of  California, 
Rome. 
Dear  Sir; 

In  reply  to  your  request  for  my  observations  as 
to  drunkenness. among  the  people  of  Italy  and  of  the  City 
of  Rome  in  particular,  1  have  pleasure  in  stating  that 
during  my  residence  in  Italy,  I  have  seen  very  few  cases 
of  drunkenness. 

The  people  as  a  whole,  are  accustomed  to  drink 
wine  at  their  meals,  which  perhaps  prevents  them  from 
having  a  craving  for  stronger  intoxicants. 
I  am,  Dear  Sir, 

Your  obedient  servant, 


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AMERICAN  CONSULAR  SERVICE. 
Naples, Italy. 

October  9,  1908. 

Cav. Andrea  Sbarbaro, 

Hotel  de  Londres,  Naples. 

Dear  Sir:- 

Replying  to  your  verbal  inquiry  of  this 
morning  I  am  happy  to  be  able  to  tell  you  that  drunken- 
ess  is  almost  unknown  here.  In  this  great  oity  of 
600,900  inhabitants  one  very  seldom  sees  a  person  the 
worse  for  drink.  Wine  is  taken  freely  among  all  classes: 
most  workmen  drink  from  a  pint  to  a  quart  every  dayt 
but  there  is  almost  no  use  of  strong  liquor, 

I  have  lived  nearly  eight  years  in  Italy, 
and  have  seen  very  few  drunken  men  during  that  time. 


Very  truly  Your's,      /-v 


American  Consul. 


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S.    117.  AMERICAN  CONSULAR  SERVICE. 

Genoa,  Italy,  ITovembor  4,  1900. 
Cav.  Andrea  Sbarboro, 

Presidente  Banca  Italo-Anericana 

San  Francisco,  Cal.  c/  Hotel  Bristol 
Genoa. 
Sir:- 

Ref erring  to  our  very  pleasant  conversation  this 
morning  in  which  you  requested  an  expression  of  my  opinion 
as  to  the  prevalence  of  drunkenness  in  Italy,  I  do  not  hesit- 
ate to  say  that  a  ten  years  experience  in  this  country,  and 
a  careful  observation  of  the  habits  of  the  people,  has  con- 
vinced me  that  drunkenness  is  exceedingly  rare.  So  much  ao 
is  this  the  case  that  I  do  not  remember  to  have  seen  a  dozen 
Italians  who  were  obvioaisly.  intoxicated  during  all  thr  tine 
I  have  lived  in  Italy.  ?his  condition  prevails  in  spite  of 
the  fact  that  the  very  large  majority  of  Italians  habitually 
drink  the  light  wines  of  the  country  at  their  meals.  Accxistom- 
ed  to  wine  from  -very  early  childhood  the  Italians  use  it  mode- 
rately as  a  mildly  stimulating  beverage.  So: used  I  cannot  dis- 
cover that  it  produces  harmful  results. 

I  remain, 

Respectfully, 


Consul  General. 


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AMERICAN  CONSULATE, 

uon.  willum  henry  bishop      PALERMO,  ITALY.  December  10"  ,1908. 

Mr.  Andrea  sbarbaro  , 

Hotel  Trinacria  , 
P  A  I  E  R  M  0  M 
Dear  Sir: 

Referring  to  our  conversation  of  this  morning, 
I  have  to  say  that  wj   experience  of  many  years  in  Italy  and 
southern  France  ,•  where  the  native  wines  form  a  regular  part  of 
the  repasts  of  the  inhabitants  ,  is  that  drunkness  in  these 
countries  is  of  most  rare  occurrence  .  The  use  of  such  wines 
would  seem  to  fill  the  need  felt  by  many  for  a  light  stimulating, 
or  fortifying  ,  beverage  ,  and  not  to  lead  to  a  craving  for  al- 
cohol or  to  other  baneful  extremes  .  Here  in  Sicily  ,  while  the 
people  no  doubt  have  their  faults  ,  it  is  a  pleasure  to  witness 
their  general  temperate  habits  .  Even  the  usual  place  where 
drinks  are  publicly  sold  is  most  often  a  pasticceria,  cake-shop, 
or  a  pleasant  cafe,  which  the  most  respectable  persons  ,  in- 
cluding ladies  and  children  ,  may  freely  enter  .  There  are  no 
screens  part  Tip  ,  there  is  no  concealment  of  the  interior  or  the 
inmates  ,  for  nothing  takes  place  there  requiring  concealment. 
The  drinking  saloon  in  an  offensive  sense  can  hardly  to  be  said 
to  exist  at  all. 

■ 

I  beg  to  remain  , 

Very  truly  yours, 

Consul. 


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AMERICAN  CONSULAR  SERVICE.  0/619. 

FLORENCE.  ITALY. 

Florence,  December  26th, 1900. 

Cav.  Andrea  Sbarbaro, 

Hotel  Baglioni, 

FLORENCE., 
Dear  Sir: 

Replying  to  yOnr  inquiry  relating  to  the  per- 
valenCe  of  drunkness  in  Florence,  I  can  say  that  I 
have  seen  but  two  or  three  intoxicated  men  during  my 
four   year  residence  here. 

Wine  is  in  almost  universal  use  by  all  classes. 
At  the  Gambrinus,  a  popular  Caffe*,  hundreds  gather 
in  the  evenings,  men,  women,  and  children,  drink  the 
light  wines  and  beer  of  the  country  and  spend  th*  eve- 
nings in  a  pleasant  manner  and  without  disorder,  and 
nany  of  the  lunch  baskets  prepared  for  the  little  children 
attending  school  are  provided  with  a  small  flask  of  v/ine. 

Yours  truly, 


Consul . 


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AMERICAN  CONSULAR  SERVICE. 

Marseilles,  Febry. 4th, 1909, 


The  Grape  Growers  of  California, 

460,  Montgomery  Street, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Gentlemen: 

I  have  received  your  letter  of  the 
16th  instant,  and  am  of  the  opinion  that  you 
would  receive  information  more  of  the  nature 
that  you  are  seeking  from  one  of  the  wine-growing 
centers  of  France  than  from  Marseilles,   in  fact, 
a  letter  from  this  point  would  not  at  all  meet 
your  wishes,  as  Marseilles  is  a  large  seaport 
town,  with  a  very  mixed  population,  and  the  number 
of  drinking  bars  where  Btrong  liquors  are  sold 
perhaps  as  much  as  wine,  is  a  fact  that  is  not 
infrequently  commented  on*  Without , hesitation, 
however,  I  may  say  that  in  sections  of  France 
which  I  have  visited,  which  are  distinctly  wine- 
producing  sections,  the  Bight  of  an  intoxicated 
person  is  infrequent. 


Respectfully 


^^Bc///Ut  Wa^&^j£k^> 


Consnl-General. 


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No.    1612 

AMERICAN  CONSULAR  SERVICE. 

K  E  H  L,   Baden,   Germany, 

December  19th,    1908. 

Grape  ^rowers   of  California, 

460  Montgomery  Street, 

San     Francisco,   Cal. 

Dear  Sir;- 

I  am  in  receipt  of  your  letter  of  December  1st 

and  willingly  place  at  your  disposal  the  results  of  my 

observation  of  the  wine  drinking  habits  of  this  part  of 

Germany, 

Lorraine 

As  you  are  aware  Alsace  is  by  far  the  most  irn- 

A 

portant  v/ine  producing  portion  of  the  German  Empire,  and 
naturally  wine  is  the  universal  drink  of  the  people.  This 
is  not  so  markedly  the  case  in  Strassburg,  the  capital, 
where  the  population  includes  very  many  Germans  -  therefore 
beerdrinkers  -  as  well  as  the  native  Alsacians.  Even  in 
Strassburg  however  wine  may  be  described  as  the  daily  drink 
of  the  people;  even  the  poorest  house  has  its  cask  of  red 
wine  in  the  cellar.    I  have  no  statistics  at  hand,  but 
I  can  say  that  drunkenness  is  here  a 'rare  offense. 

Outsid*   of  this  city  the  consumption  of  beer 


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G.  G.  o.  Cal.     2. 

is  trifling  and  wine  and  is  the  invariable  accompaniment 
of  the  midday  and  evening  meals.   The  wine  flask  is 
quite  as  familiar  a  feature  of  the  table  in  Alsace- 
Lorraine  as  the  water  bottle  is  in  the  United  States. 
At  hotels  and  boarding  hoxxses  a  half  pint   of  wine  is 
usually  supplied  without  extra  charge.   In  the  cafes 
and  restaurants, between  meals  and  in  the  evenings,  wine 
is  constantly  drunk,  costing  only  about  19  cents  per 
quart.   it  is  a  matter  of  common  knowledge  that  the  people 
of  Alsace-Lorraine  are  a  careful,  industrious  and  parti- 
cularly sober  community.   The  spectacle  of  a  person 
overcome  with  liquor  is  so  unusual  as  to  excite  amusement 
rather  than  the  disgust  which  is  aroused  where  such 
exhibitions- are  unhappily  familiar. 

The  foregoing  remarks  apply  in  a  lesser  degree 
to  Baden,  where  much  wine  is  grown  and  consumed. 

I  am, 

Yours  very  truly, 

A* 

American  Vice  Consul. 
f  in  charge  ) . 


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AMERICAN  CONSULAR  SERVICE. 


American  Consulate-General, 

¥ienna,   Austria.  May  3rd,    1909. 


Grape  Growers  of  California, 

460  Montgomery  Street, 

San  Francisco,  California* 
Dear  Sire: 

Replying  to   your  letter  of  March  20th  I  beg  to  stat*  that   the  use 

of  light  wine   is    quite  general   in  this  part  of  Austria.  So  far  as  i«y 

personal  observation  extends  there    is  little   drunkenness   in  Vienna, 


Yours   truly, 


Consul-Sen eral. 


Madrid,  Spain,  February  5,  1909. 


Grape  Growers  of  California, 

460  Montgomery  Street, 

San  Francisco,  California. 
Dear  Sirs: 

The  drinking  of  wine  at  meals  here  is  universal, 
and  like  France,  Germany -and  Italy,  there  is  practically 
no  drunkenness. 

I  am,  y 

Respectfully  yours, 


•^^ «-— • - 


.«.«■  -  ■+* 


American  Consul. 


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American  Consulate. 

Seville,  Spain. February  £0,  1909, 


Grape  Growers  of  California, 

460  Montgomery  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California. 

Sirs:- 

The  extent  of  the  vineyards  in  the  province  of  Seville 
nay  be  gathered,  fron  the  fact  that  they  consist  of  some  15.000 
hectars  (one  hectar  is  equal  to  E.471  acres)  of  vines,  all  of 
the  white  grape,   A. considerable  anoxmt  of  damage  has  been 
done  by  the  Philoxera,  but  this  is  being  rectified  with  American 
vine-stocks. 

Wine  drinking  nay  be  considered  as  a  universal  habit 
throughout  Spain,  or  certainly  Andalusia. 

Drunkenness  does  not  exist  on  any  great  scale;  on  the 
contrary  it  nay  be  regarded  as  distinctly  linited  in  itB  range. 
This  nay  be  attributed  to  the  fact  that  wine  is  the  ordinary 
beverage,  instead  of  spirits  and  the  like,  the  effects  of  wine- 
drinking  being  much  less  harmful.   It  may  be  also  remarked  that 
those  who  drink  nothing  but  wine,  oven  in  the  cases  of  drunkards, 
are  long-lived  and  do  not  contract  those  diseases  which  are 
associated  with  other  forms  of  alcohol-drinking. 

Trusting  that  you  will  find  thiB  information  of  service 
to  you, 

I  am.  Dear  Sir, 

Yours  very  truly, 


American  Consul. 


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AMERICAN  CONSULAR  SERVICE. 

Teneriffe.    February  10,  I90S. 

Crape  Growers  of  California, 

460  Montgomery  Street, 

San  Francisco,  California. 
Dear  Sirs: 

In  reply  to  yours  of  the  I4th  ultimo, requesting  me  to  . 
inform  you  about  wine  drinking  and  other  conditions  in  re-to  wine. 

I  have  the  pleasure  to  give  you  my  personal  knowledge  and 
observation  about  the  universal  drinking  of  wine  in  the  canary 
I 8lands, during  my  nine  years( although  myself  being  an  abstainer) 
I  have  nofseen  more  than  a  dosen  under  the  influence  of  wine  or 
liquor, all  saloons, cafes,resturants  and  hotels  are  open  Sundays 
and  every  other  day, other  business  is  prohibited  on  Sundays.  ; 

The  Canary  Islands  have  been  known  for  many  centuaries  for 
their  excellent  wine, in  1679  King  Charles  II  issued  a  proclamation 
giving  the  selling  price  of  wine  in  England, among  which  i3  mentioned 
Canary  Sack, for  this  wine  the  highest  price  was  obtained. 

In  this  country  on  account  of  the  food  not  having  enough 
substance  and  the  greater  part  of  the  inhabitants  being  •anemicos1' 
all  the  docters  recornnend  wine  to  be  taken  with  all  meals, more  ef- 
picially  foreigners, the  children  receive  wine  with  their  food  of 
course  this  mixed  with  water, according  to  the  age  of  the  ohildren, 
I  give  my  own  ohildren  ages  4  and  6  years  every  noon  meal  a  quarter 

of  a  glass  of  wine  mixed  with  three  quarters  water,  to  give  them 
blood,  and  myself  although  an  abstainer,  have  been  ordered  at 
present  time  by  my  doctor  ro  drink  a  glass  of  wine  at  every  meal 
as  my  blood  was  becoming  to  thin,  and  Bince  I  have  been  taking 
same  t  find  a  great  improvement  in  my  health. 

Hoping  these  few  remarks  will  be  satisfactory  to  you, 
I  am, 

Yours,  very  truly. 


American  consul. 


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AMERICAN  CONSULAR  SERVICE. 

Algiers, Algeria, April  15,1909. 

Grape  Growers  of  California, 
460  Montgomery  Street, 

San  Francisco,  California, 

Dear  Sir: 

.  I  am  receipt  of  your  letter  of  March  20, 1909, and  have 
pleasure  in  adding  my  testimony  to  that  of  your  other  corres- 
pondents,as  to  the  beneficial  effects  from  a  temperanoe  point 
yiew  of  the  regular  consumption  of  light  wine  as  a  beverage. 

In  this  colony  every  one, from  the  child  just  weaned, 
drinks  wine  at  every  meal, and  drunkeness  id  practicality  un- 
known.  Of  course  an  exception  must  be  made  for  a  large  port 
like  Algiers, but  even  here  it  is  quite  a  rare  event  to  see  a 
man  the  worse  for  liquor. 

Very  truly  yours, 


J&wiujtf 


American  Consul. 


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MARTIN   REGENSBURGER,  M.O.,  PRESIDENT 
MARTIN   REGENSBURGER.   M.D  .  PRESIDENT 

SAN    FRANCISCO  SAN    FRANCISCO 

WALLACE  A.   BRIGGS,   M.D.,   Vice-President 

SACRAMENTO 
A.   C.   HART,   M.D. 

SACRAMENTO 
F.  K.  AINSU/ORTH,   M.D. 

SAN    FRANCISCO 
O.   STANSBURY,   M.D. 

CHICO  ' 

W.   LE  MOYNE  WILLS,   M.D. 

LOS   ANGELES 
N.   K.   FOSTER,   M.D.,  SECRETARY 

SACRAMENTO 


(Ealtfarnia 

gfafe  Boarti  of  IgrcaHlj 

S&n&*<*nc*c«, <&<*/.,     - N.0.y.2H...l?05^  fa 


Mr.  a.  Sbarboro, 

460  Montgomery  Street,  CITY 
My  dear  Mr  Sbarboro: 

In  ycmr  paper  entitled  "Wine  or 
Tea,  That  is  the  Question?",  you  expressed  sentiments  which  1 
have  been  advocating  for  years.   If  the  people  of  this  country 
v/ere  educated  from  babyhood  up  to  drink  wine,  alcoholism  would 
be  a  rare  disease,  as  has  been  proven  in  wine  drinking  countries. 
It  is  the  forbidden. fruits  that  tempts.   In  my  experience,  in 
families  where  the  wine  flows  freely,  drunkards  ai»e  the  exoeption, 
whereas  many  of  the  offsprings  of  teetotalers  and  wine  abhorrers 
who  have  not  tasted  alcoholics  unt'il  they  almost  have  prown  to 
be  men  becoioe  drunkards*   It  would  fcc  interesting  to  compare  th£ 
statistics  of  drunkards  in  wine  and  beer  drinking  countries  with 
those  of  England  and  America,  Hoping  that  you  will  further  pursue 
this  question  and  that  I  may  be  able  to  assist  you  in  an  humble  way, 
I  remain, 


r   yours,  * 


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35 


Opinions  of  Notable  Foreign  Physicians  on  Wine. 


"Wine  is  the  most  commendable  of  alcoholic  beverages.  It  contains  a 
marvelous  complexity  of  useful  ingredients  that  nothing  can  replace." — Dr. 
A  mould,  Professor  of  Hygiene  of  the  Faculty  of  Paris. 

"Centuries  of  experience  with  whole  nations  have  proved  that  wine 
is  not  injurious  if  taken  in  moderation." — Dr.  Roux. 

"The  region  of  France  where  we  find  the  people  live  the  longest  is  Bur- 
gundy. Everybody  there  is  a  wine  drinker.  On  the  contrary  the  smallest 
number  of  centenarians  is  in  Brittany  where  they  only  drink  cider  and  a  great 
deal  of  cider  alcohol.  In  the  Medoc,  the  number  of  octogenerians  exceed 
the  figures  given  by  the  statistics  as  an  average  for  all  the  French  people." 
— Dr.  Isembart  Oven. 

"It  is  certain  that  the  use  of  wine  gives  to  different  populations  a  special 
vigor,"  says  Dr.  Arnozan,  Professor  at  the  Faculty  of  Medicine  at  Bordeaux. 
' '  It  has  been  proved  that  at  the  enlistment  of  soldiers  the  young  men  from 
the  viticultural  districts  are  better  developed,  taller,  more  alert,  more  supple 
than  those  from  the  region  where  the  vine  is  not  cultivated." 

"All  physicians  who  have  had  the  care  of  consumptives  know  very  well 
that  a  small  glass  of  good  wine  is  most  often  a  comfort  for  them,  a  relief, 
and  one  of  the  last  tonics  they  can  tolerate.  A  few  have  found  in  wine  the 
beginning  of  a  cure." — Dr.  Mauriac,  Director  of  the  Pasteur  Institute,  and 
Member  of  the  Academy  of  Medicine. 

"The  usefulness  of  the.  albuminoids,  acids,  and  organic  salts  contained 
in  wine  cannot  be  denied." — Dr.  Brouardel,  Dean  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine 
of  Paris. 

"Natural  wine  drunk  in  moderation  has  never  been  a  poison.  Moreover, 
it  is  a  beneficial  liquor  that  stimulates  gently,  raises  the  working  forces  and 
sustains  them." — Dr.  Motet,  Member  of  the  Academy  of  Medicine. 

"Wine  is  the  most  nutritious,  valuable  and  energy-giving  beverage." 
— Dr.  Jules  Guyot. 

"Those  opposed  to  wine  are  usually  those  who  know  nothing  of  its 
actual  effects.  Taken  in  moderation,  according  to  the  mode  of  life  of  the 
different  individual,  it  is  an  important  factor  in  the  daily  food." — Dr.  Sellier. 

' '  Modern  hygiene  would  be  wrong  in  opposing  the  use  of  wine — I  mean 
the  sound  natural  wine."! — Dr.  Lancereaux,  Member  of  the  Academy  of  Medicine. 

"Use  wine,  but  do  not  misuse  it.  I  believe  in  moderation  in  all  things. 
If  good  natural  wine  is  used  in  this  way  it  will  be  what  it  has  always  been — 
a  food  of  the  first  order  and  in  certain  cases  a  valuable  medicine." — Dr. 
Lereboullet,  Secretary  of  the  French  Medical  Association. 

"The  microbe  of  typhoid  fever  is  killed  by  pure  wine  in  fifteen  minutes. 
The  microbe  of  cholera  succumbs  in  five  minutes." — Dr.  Pick,  of  the  Vienna 
Institute  of  Hygiene. 

"From  whatever  standpoint  the  question  of  wine  is  considered  the  re- 
sult is  the  same  in  reference  to  its  hygienic  properties.  Natural  wine  is  the 
best  of  all  alcoholic  beverages." — Dr.  Lunier. 

"Useful  in  good  health,  wine  is  still  more  necessary  in  sickness  and  in 
convalescence." — Dr.  E.  Dubruel. 

' '  In  the  viticultural  sections,  the  workmen  use  two  quarts  of  wine  per 
day.  There  are  no  alcoholics  among  them  and  diseases  of  the  liver  are  very 
rare.  Many  old  men  are  able  to  work  until  seventy-five  and  even  eighty 
years." — Dr.  Tenedat,  of  the  Academy  of  Montpelier. 


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39 


REV.  DR.  I.V.MAN  ABBOTT 


The  Rev.  Dr.  Lyman  Abbott,  in  an 
article    published    in    the    Outlook    for 
October  22,   1904,  said: 
/  ' '  There  is  a  considerable  wine  indus- 

try   in    California.     It    would,    perhaps, 
Uk   <£  be  greater  than  it  is  if  Americans  were 

▼  still  not  ensnared  by  the  delusion  that 

foreign  products  are  presumptively  better 
than  home  products.  We  went  into  one 
of  the  wineries,  and  even  if  I  could  re- 
member the  figures,  I  should  be  afraid 
to  report  how  many  were  the  wine-casks 
among  which  our  conductor  led  us. 
Some  of  them  were  so  big  that  the  cask 
furnished  a  quite  adequate  space  for 
dancing;  I  believe,  though  of  that  I  am 
not  quite  sure,  a  quadrille  had  been 
danced  upon  one.  From  the  best  in- 
formation I  could  obtain  by  inquiries  in 
different  quarters,  I  could  not  learn  that 
the  wine  trade  of  California  had  done 
anything  to  promote  intemperance;  in 
fact,  most  of  my  informants  were  of  the 
opinion  that  its  effect  had  been  in  the  other  direction;  certainly  the  signs 
of  drinking  and  drunkenness  in  San  Francisco  were  less  than  they  were  in 
New  York,  as  they  are  less  in  New  York  than  they  are  in  London.  A  little 
of  the  wine  made  in  California  comes  East  and  is  sold  as  California  wine; 
some  of  it'  goes  across  the  sea  and  is  sold  abroad  as  American  wines.  I  do 
not  know  why  it  is,  but  in  American  hotels  and  restaurants,  American  wines 
are  made  little  of  and  often  it  is  impossible  to  get  those  of  the  best  brand; 
but  when  two  or  three  years  ago  I  was  in  southern  England,  I  found  in 
almost  every  English  hotel  American  wines  advertised  as  a  specialty;  evi- 
dently they  were  popular  and  in  demand.  *  *  *  Personally,  I  have  entire 
respect  for  the  total  abstainer  who  really  does  abstain,  and  also  respect 
for  the  one  who  believes  that  it  is  legitimate  to  use  wine  in  moderation 
upon  the  dinner  table;  but  I  find  it  very  difficult  to  maintain  respect  for 
the  total  abstainer  who  banishes  wine  from  the  dinner  table  and  then 
drinks  it  out  of  a  bottle  from  the  closet  between  meals  and  calls  it  medicine. 
About  such  a  one  there  appears  to  me  a  rather  serious  deficiency,  which  it  is 
charitable  to  hope  is  intellectual  rather  than  moral.  Such  imbibers  are 
often  entirely  honest,  but  they  are  easily  deluded." 

Bishop  Moreland,  of  California,  says:  "A  false  notion  is  that  the  abuse 
of  wine  should  prohibit  the  use  of  it.  Apply  this  argument  to  other  things. 
Many  men  use  horses  for  gambling  purposes,  and  thousands  of  men  are  ruined 
by  betting  at  the  races.  Shall  we  then  abandon  horses  altogether  and  take  to 
the  bycicle?  But  many  overdo  the  wheel,  and  suffer  from  curvature  of  the 
spine  and  the  bicycle  heart.  Shall  we,  then,  prohibit  the  bicycle?  Some 
people  are  injured  by  drinking  coffee.  Must  all  the  world  then  give  up  its 
morning  cup?  It  never  helps  any  cause  to  raise  false  issues  about  it  or  defend 
it  with  unsound  arguments." 

Henry  Ward  Beecher  once  remarked:  "  If  you  say  to  me  that  I  ought  not 
to  drink,  perhaps  I  would  agree  with  you;  but  if  you  tell  me  I  must  not  drink, 
I  will  drink,  because  I  have  a  natural  right  to  do  so — to  drink  what  I  please." 


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41 


Eminent    Clergymen    Who    Believe   in    True    Temperance. 


CARDINAL   GIBBONS 
(Head  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church  in  the  United  States) 


Cardinal  Gibbons,  of  Baltimore, 
said:  "I  have  never  been  able  to  con- 
vince myself  that  what  we  call  total 
abstinence  is  essential  to  morality.  The 
moderate  and  occasional  use  of  alcoholic 
liquors  is  not  to  be  condemned.  In 
countries  like  France  and  Italy,  where 
the  people  as  a  rule  drink  wine,  no 
serious  harm  results  from  the  practice. 
"You  cannot  legislate  men  into  the 
performance  of  good  and  righteous  deeds. 
If  we  are  to  improve  the  morality  of 
our  city  and  make  our  citizens  more 
temperate  let  the  virtue  of  temperance 
be  proclaimed  in  the  churches;  above  all 
let  it  be  enforced  in  the  family,  that 
parents,  both  by  word  and  example,  may 
inculcate  their  children  with  temporal 
and  spiritual  blessings  which  spring  from 
a  life  of  temperance  and  sobriety." 

The   Rt.    Rev.    Mgr.    Franz    Goller, 
one  of   the  first   priests   to  be  raised  to 
the  rank  of  Papal  Private  Chamberlain 
by    the    present    Pontiff,    declares    that 
Pope  Pius  X.   is  not  in  sympathy  with  the  prohibition  idea.     He  says: 

"The  Pope  certainly  does  believe  in  temperance,  that  is,  moderation 
in  all  things,  but  not  absolute  prohibition.  That  is  not  the  spirit  of  freedom, 
but  of  autocratic  government.  The  Holy  Father  himself  takes  a  glass  of 
wine,  and  believes  that  men  should  be  allowed  to  use  their  own  judgment  in 
what  they  should  eat  and  what  they  should  drink,  and  not  have  other  men 
decide  such  matters  for  them." 

Rev,  Dr.  Cyrus  Townsend  Brady,  Rector  of  St.  George's  Episcopal 
Church,  of  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  in  a  recent  open  letter  dated  Ma}-  13,  1909, 
remarks: 

' '  I  am  not  one  of  those  prepared  to  say  that  it  is  a  crime  to  drink  a  glass  of 
wine  or  a  glass  of  beer,  or  that  there  are  not  circumstances  and  conditions 
when  a  drink  of  whiskey  is  proper.  Spirituous  liquor  has  a  right  use.  It 
is  the  abuse  that  is  to  be  condemned  not  the  use.  In  saying  this  I  am  quite 
aware  that  the  earnest,  but  misguided  so-called  temperance  advocates  will 
immediately  class  me  with  the  drunkard  and  defenders  of  the  low,  immoral 
and  illegal  saloon,  and  as  it  has  always  been  the  case  some  will  go  so  far  as  to 
say  to  me,  as  they  have  said  to  Mr.  Short,  that  we  take  our  position  for  what 
we  can  get  out  of  it  directly  or  indirectly.  I  shall  not  dignify  any  such  charges 
by  any  disclaimer  nor  shall  I  in  turn  resort  to  the  policy  or  practice  of 
personal  abuse. 

"The  Master  whom  I  serve  made  drink  and  offered  to  others  wine — fer- 
mented wine.  He  ordained  its  use  in  the  most  solemn  sacrament  of  the 
church.  He  did  this  in  the  evening  before  he  died,  when  he  knew  he  was  going 
to  die,  so  that  he  did  it  in  the  most  solemn  moment  of  his  life.  His  practice, 
his  injunctions  and  his  example  are  entirely  satisfactory  to  me,  personally." 


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45 


"The  Canteen  Should  be  Restored,"  Say  Well-known 

Army    Men. 


Major-General  J.  Franklin  Bell  has  written  as  follows: 

"When  the  canteen  was  in  operation  there  were  fewer  desertions,  fewer 
fines  imposed  by  sentence  of  court-martial,  less  alcoholism,  and  less  disease 
than  prior  to  its  establishment.  I  am  satisfied  that  a  careful  consideration 
of  the  whole  subject  will  be  convincing  evidence  that  the  abolition  of  the 
canteen  has  resulted  in  injury  to  the  service." 

Major-General  Frederick  D.   Grant  says: 

"While  I  deplore  the  sale  of  liquor,  always,  I  believe  its  sale  under  re- 
strictions and  complete  control  is  a  lesser  evil  than  its  sale  in  the  low  saloons 
and  vile  dens  of  vice  which  have  surrounded  Army  Posts  since  the  canteen 
was  abolished.  The  canteen  in  the  Army  was  the  soldier's  club,  and  their 
resort  for  social  intercourse  and  innocent  amusements.  Under  careful  re- 
strictions beer  and  light  wines  could  be  obtained,  but  were  never  sold  to  one 
who  showed  the  least  effect  of  having  taken  too  much.  These  canteens 
were  managed  by  the  company  officers,  commissioned  and  non-commissioned, 
and  were  always  conducted  in  the  interests  of  the  soldiers,  who  regarded 
them  as  their  clubs  in  which  they  took  pride,  appreciating  their  privileges. 
Upon  the  abolition  of  the  canteen,  which  the  soldiers  resented,  they  sought 
social  amusements  and  diversions  in  the  vile  dens  and  groggeries  outside  the 
military  reservations,  which  dens  increased  rapidly  in  number.  Many  of 
the  keepers  of  these  saloons  near  Military  Posts  are,  of  course,  people  of 
the  lowest  order  and  cater  to  every  form  of  vice,  dispensing  the  cheapest, 
strongest  and  vilest  of  drinks,  and  resorting  to  every  method  to  induce  soldiers 
to  drink  so  long  as  they  have  money  to  spend.  As  a  result  of  all  this,  the  sol- 
diers frequently  remain  absent  and  become  deserters.  The  Judge- Advocate 
of  the  Department  states  that  a  certain  proprietors'  sales  of  whiskey  in  a  saloon 
near  the  Presidio,  San  Francisco,  increased  in  IQ02  fourfold,  being  the  year 
after  the  passage  of  the  anti-canteen  law,  and  this  in  face  of  the  fact  that  the 
number  of  saloons  near  this  Military  Post  had  more  than  doubled  during  that 
year.  This  is  one  of  thousands  of  such  illustrations  brought  to  my  notice  of 
the  distressing  results  of  the  sale  of  bad  liquor  in  saloons  surrounding  Army 
Posts  since  the  canteen  in  the  Army  was  abolished.  In  one  of  the  largest 
Divisions  of  the  Army,  inquiry  was  made  as  to  the  ten  chief  causes  of  desertion 
and  the  unanimous  reports  of  Commanding  Officers  and  First  Sergeants  of 
Batteries,  Troops  and  Companies,  was  that  the  lack  of  the  canteen  and  the  re- 
sultant troubles  in  dives  surrounding  posts,  was  one  of  the  chief  causes  of 
desertion  in  the  Army.  Since  the  year  i8gy  the  increase  of  trials  by  General 
Court  Martial  was  from  64  per  1,000  men  to  Ji,  and  by  Inferior  Court  Martial 
from  577  per  1,000  men  to  J 16  per  1,000  men.  Though  a  total  abstainer  I  am 
an  advocate  of  the  canteen  in  the  army  until  the  time  comes  when  the  civil 
authorities  abolish  these  dens  near  Military  Reservations  kept  by  vicious 
persons,  who  now  tempt  the  soldiers  of  our  Army  to  their  destruction." 

Major-General  A.  W.  Greely  says: 

"It  is  beyond  reasonable  doubt  that  the  establishment  of  the  canteen 
decreased  drunkenness  in  the  Army,  and  that  its  elimination  has  largely 
increased  dissipation  among  enlisted  men.  Without  exception,  the  company 
officers  who  have  been  habitually  questioned  on  the  subject,  state  that  the 
restoration  of  the  canteen  would  morally  and  physically  benefit  the  Army." 


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47 


Unitetl  ^tat^ii  (Hirruit  (I'aurt 

uf  Appeals, 

JNiutlj  JuDtrial  (ftrrutt 

'     Ju&grs'  (Chambers,    ' 
§an  jTiaiut'sai,  (fnlifurnia. 


JUDGE  W.  W.  MORROW 


Aug. 24, 1908. 


A.  Sbarboro  Esq., 

460  Montgomery  Street, 
San  Jrancisco,  Cal. 

My  dear  Mr  Sbarboro: 

I  approve  of  your  campaign  against  intemper- 
ance.  The  tidal  wave  of  prohibition  now  sweeping 
over  the  land  has  been  caused  by  the  vice  of  intem- 
perance  producing  results  which  I  know  you  appre- 
ciate and  deplore.   The  evils  of  intemperance  are 
largely  attributable  to  the  saloon  "where  strong 
drink  rages"  and  spreads  its  debasing  influence 
over  the  community.   Wine  may,  of  course,  be  had 
in  the  saloon,  but  is  not  the  cause  of  the  intem- 
perance and  is  not  .the  attraction  which  makes  the 
saloon  the  rendezvous  of  vice.   The  use  of  light 
table  wine  at  meals  has  been  found  by  long  ex- 
perience to  promote  health  and  sobriety  and  pre- 
vent ill  health  and  drunkenness.   I  am  therefore  ' 
of  the  opinion  that  it  should  be  encouraged  rathe* 
than  prohibited. 

Very  truly  yours, 


48 


PROF.  HUGO  MUNSTERBERG 
(of  Harvard  University) 


Professor  Hugo  i.  unsterberg,  of 
Harvard  University,  in  an  article  in 
McClure's  Magazine  for  August,  1908, 
entitled  "Prohibition  and  Social  Psychol- 
ogy,"  says: 

"  Truly  the  German,  the  Frenchman, 
the  Italian  who  enjoys  his  glass  of  light 
wine  and  then  wanders  joyful  and  elated 
to  the  masterpieces  of  the  opera,  serves 
humanity  better  than  the  New  Englander 
who  drinks  his  ice- water  and  sits  satisfied 
at  the  vaudeville  show,  world-far  from 
real  art.  Better  America  inspired  than 
America  sober.  *  *  *  A  sys- 
tematic education  in  self-control  must 
set  in;  the  drunkard  must  not  be 
tolerated  under  any  circumstances. 
Above  all,  the  social  habits  in  the  sphere 
of  drinking  must  be  entirely  reshaped. 
They  belong  to  a  period  where  the 
Puritan  spirit  considered  beer  and  wine 
as  sinful  and  relegated  them  to  regions 
hidden  from  decent  eyes.  *  *  *  But 
if  those  relics  of  a  narrow  time  disappear 
and  customs  grow  which  spreadl'the  spirit  of  geniality  and  friendly  social 
intercourse  over  the  foaming  cup,  the  spell  will  be  broken.  Instead  of 
being  tyrannized  over  by  short-sighted  fanatics  on  the  one  side  and  corrupt 
saloon-keepers  on  the  other,  the  nation  will  proceed  with  the  unanimous 
sympathy  of  the  best  citizens  to  firm  temperance  laws  which  the  sound 
instinct  of  the  masses  will  really  respect." 

Professor  G.  Grazzi-Soncini,  Director  of  the  Royal  School  of  Viticulture, 
Alba,  Italy,  in  his  book  on  "Wine"  says: 

"Everyone  should  know  that  wine,  drunk  in  moderation  or  with  tem- 
perance, favors  and  augments  the  secretion  of  the  gastric  juices  and  so  aids 
digestion;  it  excites  the  imagination,  awakens  the  memory,  dispels  care,  re- 
stores the  physical  force  and  renders  the  movements  of  the  body  active  and 
vigorous.  A  proof  of  this,  if  one  is  needed,  is  furnished  by  the  fact  cited 
by  all  writers  on  hygiene,  that  if  in  the  war  of  1870-71  the  German  army 
was  able  to  sustain  the  fatigues  of  the  campaign  and  sieges,  always  remaining 
in  good  health,  it  was  because  they  were  invading  and  conquering  a  wine- 
producing  country." 

Arthur  Brisbane,  the  eminent  writer,  whose  articles  are  read  by  millions 
of  people  throughout  the  United  States  every  day,  declares  that  prohibition 
is  not  feasible.  In  the  Nashville,  Tenn.,  American,  he  is  quoted  as  having  said: 
"You  cannot  ask  the  man  leading  his  normal  life,  taking  his  normal 
dinner,  and  his  glass  of  beer  or  pint  of  claret,  to  change  his  life  on  account 
of  the  unfortunate  man  who  cannot  do  that  without  becoming  a  maniac 
and  going  to  excess.  In  Paris,  where  I  lived,  every  servant  you  engaged 
had  so  much  money  and  one  liter  of  red  wine,  and  had  it  as  a  matter  of  course, 
and  a  drunken  servant  in  Paris  would  be  just  as  much  of  a  curiosity  as  a 
five-legged  calf  in  Wisconsin.  I  was  at  school  in  Paris  for  four  years  and  I 
was  one  day  in  Topeka,  Kansas,  under  prohibition,  and  I  saw  more  drunks 
in  Topeka  in  one  day  than  I  saw  in  Paris.  It  happened  to  be  a  good  day  for 
drunkards;   they  were  celebrating;   some  young  men  were  home  from  college." 


49 


HON.  Wm.  R.  WHEELER 
(Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor.) 


WILLIAM   P     DILLINGHAM     U    S    S      CHAIRMAN 
HENRY  CABOT  LODGE.  U    S    S        ASBURY  C.  LATIMER.   US.S.. 
BENJAMIN  F     HOWELL,   M.C  WILLIAMS    BENNET.  M.C.. 

JOHN  L.  BURNETT    M    C  CHARLES  P.  NEILL 

JEREMIAH  W     JENKS.  WILLIAM  R    WHEELER 

SECRETARIES 
M     E    CRANE 
W     W     HUSBAND. 
C    S.  ATKINSON 


®1?£  Jlmmtgrattnn  (Hommiaaiott 
ffltutytngtan.  I).  <£,. 
Alpine,   C.al.,   Hay  12,    1908. 


¥r 


-.    Sbarboro, 

Italian-American  Bank,  San  Francisco. 
My  dear  Mr.  Sbarboro: 

I  am  particularly  grateful  to  you  for  having 
enclosed  your  very  able  article  on  the  subject  of  "True  Temperance" 
upon  which  I  had  already  road  so  many  favorable  comments.   I  well 
recall  you  request  that  while  in  Italy,  I  make  particular  effort 
to  spy  out  drunken  men,  I  am  glad  to  state  that,  much  to  my 
surprise,  during,  the  entire  month  which  I  spent  there  I  did  not  see 
one  drunken  man,  notwithstanding  the  fact  th*t  wine  is  tbe  national 
beverage  and  universally  consumed.  This  confirmed  the  opinion 
previously  conceived  that  Italy  is,  in  truth,  a  temperance  country. 
I  rrryself  am  a  strong  believer  in,  and  practitioner  of,  temperance, 
but  not  prohibition.  The  great  trouble  with  many  well  meaning 
people  in  OTir  country  is  that  they  do  not  discriminate  between  the 
two.   I  assure  yoii,  my  dear  Jfr.  Sbarboro,  that  you  shall  at  all 
tines  have  my  co-operation  in  your  good  work  of  preaching  "the 
aospel  of  the  grape," 


Very  sincerely  yours, 


\ 


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51 


Superiority    of  American    Wines. 


The  selection  of  one's  wines  is  a  very  important  matter  and  yet  a  very 
simple  one,  if  you  are  honest  with  yourself,  put  your  prejudices  aside,  refuse 
to  make  yourself  the  slave  of  fashion,  come  out  with  manly  independence 
and,  irrespective  of  name,  cork,  brand  or  price,  select  what  is  pure  and 
what  pleases  your  palate. 

The  old  impression  which  the  importers  still  try  to  hold  up,  that 
foreign  wines  are  superior  to  American  wines,  is  no  longer  based  on  fact. 
Today  California  produces  just  as  fine  wines  and  when  the  demand  will 
justify,  we  can  manufacture  just  as  large  quantities  as  any  other  country 
in  the  world.  We  have  in  the  United  States,  especially  in  California,  the 
right  climate,  the  proper  soil,  the  choicest  varieties  of  grapes,  the  best  skill 
and  the  most  intelligent  labor  in  the  world,  and  it  stands  to  reason  that  our 
wine  makers  can  and  do  now  produce  wines  which  in  purity  and  quality  are 
in  every  way  equal  to  the  imported  kind. 

Fifty  years  ago  Europe  enjoyed  a  monopoly,  not  only  in  the  production 
of  the  finest  wines,  but  of  oranges,  lemons,  limes,  citron,  prunes,  figs,  olives, 
dates  and  many  other  fruits.  Today  conditions  are  changed.  California  has 
surpassed  Europe.  Hundreds  of  thousands  of  acres  have  been  laid  out  in 
orchards  and  vineyards  in  California,  and  every  American  knows  that  our 
fruits  served  on  the  table  of  every  city  in  the  United  States  and  in  Europe, 
are  unsurpassed.  Therefore,  if  we  can  produce  the  very  best  quality  of  fruit, 
there  is  no  good  reason  why  our  grapes  should  not  produce  the  best  wine  and 
be  on  a  par  with  our  citrus  fruits  or  our  peaches,  apricots,  cherries,  apples, 
pears,  melons  and  berries. 

One  of  the  best  proofs  of  the  superiority  of  American  wines  is  the  test 
they  stood  at  the  St.  Louis  World's  Exposition  in  1903,  when  they  were  placed 
in  competition  with  the  best  from  every  great  grape-growing  and  wine- 
producing  nation  in  the  world.  Out  of  thirty  odd  entries  of  wines,  California 
alone  was  awarded  three  grand  prizes  and  nineteen  gold  medals.  In  pro- 
portion to  our  entries,  California  received  more  prizes  for  its  wines,  brandies, 
vermouth  and  champagne  than  any  other  exhibitor  at  home  or  abroad. 
The  wine  jury  was  comprised  of  twenty-one  members,  of  which  seventeen 
were  foreigners.  The  latter  included  seven  experts  from  France,  four  from 
Germany,  and  some  from  Italy,  Chili,  Japan  and  Canada.  This  distinguished 
jury,  as  competent  and  impartial,  perhaps,  as  the  world  could  supply,  ac- 
knowledged the  merits  of  our  wines  and  rewarded  our  wine  makers  accord- 
ingly. The  importance  of  their  decision  may  be  understood  when  it  is  real- 
ized that  it  took  ninety-five  points  to  win  a  grand  prize,  and  to  secure  a  gold 
medal,  the  product  had  to  score  an  average  of  ninety  points. 

Even  at  expositions  in  the  great  wine  producing  centers  of  Europe 
we  have  been  able  to  win  recognition.  Gold  medals  were  awarded  California 
wines  at  Paris,  France,  in  1899;  at  Genoa,  Italy,  in  1892 ;  at  Lyons,  France,  1894; 
at  Bordeaux,  France,  in  1895;  at  Turin,  Italy,  in  1898;  and  at  the  Paris 
World's  Exposition,  in  1900,  when  our  wines  carried  off  four  gold  medals, 
nine  silver  medals  and  9  bronze  medals,  notwithstanding  that  the  choicest 
qualities  were  not  permitted  to  compete  for  prizes  because,  as  the  French- 


52 


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53' 


men  claimed,  the  label  bore  the  names  of  French  districts,  such  as  California 
Burgundy,  Sauterne,  etc. 

One  of  the  greatest  drawbacks  to  the  consumption  of  American  wine 
is  the  ignorance  of  the  people  of  the  United  States  as  to  its  superior  quality. 
The  recently  published  fourth  edition  of  Baedeker's  United  States  Guide 
Book  calls  attention  to  the  fact  that  American  wines  are  excellent,  but  de- 
clares that  it  is  almost  impossible  for  travelers  to  obtain  them  at  hotels. 
It  adds  that  "travelers  would  perform  a  real  service  if  they  would  ask  for 
them  on  all  occasions,  and  express  surprise  when  they  are  not  forthcoming." 
Baedeker's  Guide  Book,  well-known  all  over  the  world,  will  have  performed 
a  genuine  service  if  it  succeeds  in  making  Americans  realize  that  their  wines 
are  good,  and  it  is  not  unlikely  that  its  advice  may  have  some  such  result. 
As  the  San  Francisco  Chronicle  aptly  remarks,  "There  are  plenty  of  our 
countrymen  who  have  still  to  learn  that  quality  is  not  imparted  to  wine  by 
a  foreign  label,  and  that  our  best  vintages  in  the  estimation  of  foreigners 
acquainted  with  them  compare  favorably  with  the  best  foreign  wines." 

Travelers  who  have  visited  the  United  States,  and  even  foreigners  who 
have  tasted  them  abroad,  have  been  surprised  at  the  excellent  quality  of 
our  wines,  and  they  have  not  been  backward  in  expressing  their  approval. 
The  Hon.  D.  E.  McKinlay,  who  represents  California  in  Congress,  relates 
the  following  unconscious  compliment  paid  to  California  wines  by  the  late 
Count  Waldersee,  a  connoisseur  of  wines,  and  a  man  who  had  tasted  the  best 
in  the  German  Court  and  in  every  section  of  the  world:  "During  the  time  of 
the  'Boxer  Rebellion'  when  the  Allied  Forces  had  established  themselves 
in  Peking,  Mr.  Squires,  who  was  the  Secretary  of  the  American  Legation, 
gave  a  dinner  at  which  a  number  of  the  foreign  officers  were  present  and 
among  them  was  Count  Waldersee,  leader  of  the  German  contingent,  and 
nominal  Commander  of  the  Allied  Forces.  Owing  to  the  trouble  and  chaos 
existing  in  the  country,  Mr.  Squires'  stock  of  wine  had  run  low  and  the  Euro- 
pean brands  were  exhausted,  but  he  happened  to  have  a  few  cases  of  California 
claret  and  white  wine  on  hand.  He  supplied  these  to  the  guests  and  the  dinner 
seemed  to  pass  off  pleasantly.  Shortly  after,  Count  Waldersee  visited  him 
again  and  remained  for  dinner.  By  that  time  Mr.  Squires  had  replenished 
his  stock  of  European  wines,  which  were  served  to  the  Count.  He  drank 
a  little  of  the  European  brand,  and  then,  turning  to  Mr.  Squires,  said:  'Mr.' 
Squires  I  wish  you  would  give  me  some  of  that  fine  wine  you  served  me  on 
my  last  visit  to  you,'  and  Mr.  Squires  said  he  was  compelled  to  put  aside 
the  European  brands  and  send  to  his  cellar  for  California  wines." 

Some  time  ago  the  King  of  Italy  decided  that  at  state  dinners  nothing 
but  Italian  wines  (including,  of  course,  champagne)  should  be  served  at 
table..  Emperor  William,  of  Germany,  also  prohibits  the  use  of  any  but 
German  wines  at  Court  functions. 

Why,  therefore,  should  we  not  use  American  wines  in  the  home,  on  fes- 
tive occasions  and  at  public  functions? 


54 


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55 


State  Legislature  Encourages  Viticultural 
Industry. 


Senate   Concurrent  Resolution  No.   16,  which  was  unanimously 

passed  by  both  houses  of  the  State  Legislature  on  March  20, 

1909,  reads  as  foil 010s: 

Whereas,  The  State  of  California  is  now  becoming  pre- 
eminently a  grape  growing  state,  where  wine  can  be  produced 
as  cheaply,  of  as  fine  a  quality,  and  in  as  large  quantities,  as 
in  any  country  in  the  world;  and, 

Whereas,  There  are  at  the  present  time  over  250,000  acres 
of  land  in  the  State  of  California  devoted  to  the  viticultural 
industry,  representing  an  investment  of  over  one  hundred 
millions  of  dollars;  and, 

Whereas,  A  very  desirable  class  of  people  are  coming  into 
this  state  and  taking  up  the  improvement  of  vast  areas  of  land 
which  have  heretofore  been  non-productive  and  of  little  value, 
planting  vineyards  on  land  generally  unsuited  for  any  other 
purpose,  and  hoping  to  find  a  market  for  their  grapes,  for  table 
consumption,  for  the  making  of  raisins,  and  for  the  manufacture 
of  wines.     Now,  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  by  the  Senate  of  the  State  of  California,  the  Assembly 
concurring,  That  we  strongly  recommend  the  encouragement  of 
the  viticultural  industry  in  this  state  and  we  favor  the  enactment 
of  legislation,  either  by  the  federal  government  or  by  the  state 
legislature,  or  the  passage  of  regulations  or  ordinances  by  any 
of  the  counties,  cities  or  towns  of  the  state,  that  would  foster 
this  most  important  industry,  which  is  designed,  if  properly 
encouraged  and  cared  for,  to  be  one  of  the  greatest  industries 
of  the  state. 


56 


World's  Largest  Wine  Producers  in  1908. 

France 1,331,995,000  gallons 

Italv 1,064,800,000  " 

Spain 473,000,000 

Algeria 171,682,000  " 

Austria 136,400,000 

Hungary 121,000,000  " 

Portugal 85,800,000 

Bulgaria 63,800,000 

Russia 61,600,000  " 

Chili 52,800,000  " 

Germany 50,600,000  " 

United  States 50,000,000  " 

By  these  figures  we  see  that  France  and  Italy,  with  a  population  of 
about  eighty  million  people,  produce  nearly  three  billion  gallons  of  wine  per 
annum,  which  has  an  approximate  value  of  six  hundred  million  dollars. 

Now,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  the  State  of  California  (which  is  one-third 
larger  than  the  Kingdom  of  Italy),  where  the  true  wine  grape  grows  to  per- 
fection, and  a  few  other  states  of  the  Union  could  produce  just  as  many 
grapes  and  make  as  much  fine  wine  as  the  two  principal  grape-producing 
countries  of  the  world. 

COMPARATIVE    CONSUMPTION    OF    WINE    AND    SPIRITS    PER    ANNUM. 

GALLONS  GALLONS 

WINE    PER   CAPITA  SPIRITS    PER    CAPITA 

France 33.9  1.37 

Italy..: 18.5  .29 

Switzerland 9.5  1.01 

South  Australia 5.8  .47 

German  Empire 1.61  1 .  43 

United  States .35  1 . 63 

United  Kingdom .28  .91 

We  regret  that  we  are  unable  to  secure  statistics  showing  the  proportion 
of  drunkenness  in  the  countries  where  wine  is  consumed  in  large  quantities 
in  preference  to  spirituous  liquors.  The  foregoing  figures  show  that  the 
United  States  uses  more  strong  liquors  than  any  of  the  other  nations  men- 
tioned above,  and  it  is  not  surprising,  therefore,  that  according  to  the  report 
on  the  physiological  aspects  of  the  liquor  problem,  made  by  the  Committee 
of  Fifty,  published  in  1903,  it  was  estimated  that  five  per  cent  of  our  male 
population  is  affected  with  drunkenness. 

The  same  conditions  obtain  in  our  army.  According  to  the  official 
report  of  Dr.  O'Reilly,  Surgeon-General  of  the  United  States  army,  for  the 
fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1906,  since  the  abolishment  of  the  canteen,  thirty 
soldiers  to  the  thousand  have  been  treated  at  military  hospitals  annually 
for  alcoholism,  while  in  the  armies  and  navies  of  Europe,  where  every  soldier 
and  sailor  is  given  a  ration  of  wine  at  their  meals,  the  rate  of  treatment  for 
alcoholism  is  only  one-eighth  of  one  man  per  thousand,  which  is  equivalent 
to  240  in  America  to  1  in  the  wine  drinking  countries. 

We  hope  that  these  important  statistics  will  convince  the  American 
people  of  the  beneficial  effects  of  wine  in  contributing  to  the  sobriety  of  the 
grape  growing  countries,  and  that  hereafter  this  healthy  temperance  beverage 
will  be  universally  used,  in  which  event,  instead  of  being  the  twelfth  grape 
growing  nation  of  the  world,  we  will  be  at  the  head  of  the  list,  for  we  have 
the  soil,  the  climate,  and  the  skill  that  will  enable  us  to  take  first  place. 


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